TL072, cheap, high input impedance, quiet.
NE5532/LM833, good for low noise in EQ/Filter jobs, don't stick them everywhere unless you've got an idea what you're doing, high current draw, low input impedance and have some quirks in certain situations.
4558, fair overall op amp, not as good spec wise as the TL072, but sometimes you don't want pristine.
OPA2134, TL072 for people who like to make their builds more expensive.
LM308, pretty much only applicable for the rat, reams of discussion on this out there, it's about its speed and bandwidth, it's crappyness turns out to be a bit desirable (to most but not all people).
LM358 LFO opamp for when you want to swing closer to ground.
LM1458, TL062 every other LFO.