The pedal utilizes a 1044s charge pump here are the schematics. https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/21348a.pdf
The transistor questions are best answered by @Robert. They both appear to be voltage limiters and might have slightly different specs but he can answer.
Great attitude! There are lots of points of voltage reference in the schematics, r100 is leading to the LEDa andOne side of it should be 12v give or take.
Do you have a multimeter? This is a buffered pedal. I would suggest starting at the dc jack and working through the power part of the schematic. Are you comfortable with that?
congrats on getting into building pedals, and welcome to troubleshooting…
I would start with looking into trimming your leads, reflowing, and cleaning the flux. Also ensure your off board wiring is correct and cleaned up.
Is there any reason you did not use a socket for the eeprom?