The LEDS on the front panel will get brighter. You won't hear much difference, if any, unless you have the trimmers maxed or overdrive the &^*# outta this one with another pedal. The higher voltage provides more headroom, but since all of the gain stages except the last one (IC3.1) have diode limiting in the feedback loop, they don't need any more headroom.
As long as C20 is rated for at least 20V, it won't hurt it, try it out!