Variable capacitor

R2 can go as low as U1 can comfortably drive without distorting, so probably not much less than 1k if you're using a TL07x. At the other end of the range, I probably wouldn't go over 5k to keep the noise low.

When choosing a P2 value, keep headroom in mind. 1+ P2/R2 is the U2 gain, and too much gain will cause clipping. So, basically, I don't think a P2/R2 ratio of much more than 10 is a good idea. P2=50k and R2 around 5k should work just fine.

I haven't built the physical circuit yet, but I see no reason that it shouldn't work exactly as it does in the simulator.
 
R2 can go as low as U1 can comfortably drive without distorting, so probably not much less than 1k if you're using a TL07x. At the other end of the range, I probably wouldn't go over 5k to keep the noise low.

When choosing a P2 value, keep headroom in mind. 1+ P2/R2 is the U2 gain, and too much gain will cause clipping. So, basically, I don't think a P2/R2 ratio of much more than 10 is a good idea. P2=50k and R2 around 5k should work just fine.

I haven't built the physical circuit yet, but I see no reason that it shouldn't work exactly as it does in the simulator.
Not being a true engineer, I was surmising pretty much the same thing, but wanted to ask. Thanks!
 
I'm not a real engineer either. Best to try this on a bench or in a simulator, check for stability and so on.
 
R2 can go as low as U1 can comfortably drive without distorting, so probably not much less than 1k if you're using a TL07x. At the other end of the range, I probably wouldn't go over 5k to keep the noise low.

When choosing a P2 value, keep headroom in mind. 1+ P2/R2 is the U2 gain, and too much gain will cause clipping. So, basically, I don't think a P2/R2 ratio of much more than 10 is a good idea. P2=50k and R2 around 5k should work just fine.

I haven't built the physical circuit yet, but I see no reason that it shouldn't work exactly as it does in the simulator.
This is interesting. But a gain of 10 doesn't yield a wide range of capacitance. Are there any op-amps that have a gain of 100? Or at least significantly higher than 10?
 
This is interesting. But a gain of 10 doesn't yield a wide range of capacitance. Are there any op-amps that have a gain of 100? Or at least significantly higher than 10?
Opamps, by themselves, for the most part, have a rather large gain range which is primarily determined by the feedback resistance. In this case that would be P2. And note what JTex said in reply #21 about higher gains and headroom (clipping potential):

"R2 can go as low as U1 can comfortably drive without distorting, so probably not much less than 1k if you're using a TL07x. At the other end of the range, I probably wouldn't go over 5k to keep the noise low.

When choosing a P2 value, keep headroom in mind. 1+ P2/R2 is the U2 gain, and too much gain will cause clipping. So, basically, I don't think a P2/R2 ratio of much more than 10 is a good idea. P2=50k and R2 around 5k should work just fine.
"

So, there is a fine balance to consider when keeping the signal clean.
 
Opamps, by themselves, for the most part, have a rather large gain range which is primarily determined by the feedback resistance. In this case that would be P2. And note what JTex said in reply #21 about higher gains and headroom (clipping potential):

"R2 can go as low as U1 can comfortably drive without distorting, so probably not much less than 1k if you're using a TL07x. At the other end of the range, I probably wouldn't go over 5k to keep the noise low.

When choosing a P2 value, keep headroom in mind. 1+ P2/R2 is the U2 gain, and too much gain will cause clipping. So, basically, I don't think a P2/R2 ratio of much more than 10 is a good idea. P2=50k and R2 around 5k should work just fine.
"

So, there is a fine balance to consider when keeping the signal clean.
I meant about this part - 'to keep the noise low'. What I should have asked is - are there op-amps that are less noisy than the TL0x's, that could be run at higher gain?
 
I meant about this part - 'to keep the noise low'. What I should have asked is - are there op-amps that are less noisy than the TL0x's, that could be run at higher gain?
That's quite an interesting question and deeper than I've ever asked myself. I can only imagine that there's no single factor (parameter) that would determine that. In as such, I went to AI and asked . . . .

"An op amp begins distorting when the required output violates any of these:

Vout > Vswing(max) [Does the opamp run at rail voltage or less?]
or
f⋅Av >GBP
or
2πfVpeak >SR (The slew rate is too low.)
[Where:
f = signal frequency
Av = closed loop voltage gain
GBP = Gain-Bandwidth Product]


or the input/output stages exceed their linear region.
"

All of which seems to make sense and suggests that a 9V single rail supply for the circuit is a very limiting factor,. And the greater likelihood of using a ±15V dual rail supply might more easily withstand using a gain of 100. Still, for a clean gain at 100, the input should probably be below roughly: 100mVpeak or about 70mV RMS. So things are not as simple as just using a lower noise opamp.

It would seem that one cannot turn a bicycle into a helicopter simply by pedaling harder. 🤷‍♂️
 
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