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I mean if the 2nd stage is free.... Another use I realized was IF there is no gain in the input buffer, you can parallel the opamps stages to lower noise at the input. You just have to add a very small series R (1 - 100r) passive summer called ballast resistors. You can see the difference of...

Was talking to a peer about this the other day. The buffer ofc reduces the output impedance of the midpoint much closer to 0, which trends towards an ideal voltage source. You have to be careful though bc the opamps contributes its own self- noise.

So LMK if I'm re-hashing here but the leakage is the failure of the diode to act as an open circuit when "off" ? AND The series resistance is the failure to act like a short when it is on? I would think Vf is easily worked around by scaling input amplitude into the diode circuit.

I found this paper the other day. Not a complete examination but still interesting https://www.circuitsjournal.com/article/109/7-1-4-460.pdf

Schottkys suffer from noise to my knowledge yes?

So the leakage of a germaniums suggests you can emulate a germanium by inserting a resistor parallel to the silicon diodes... ?

I didn't know about using 4 layer for HV. That's a cool trick!

I was gonna say just that about DC, I know there is concern about supply noise on DC traces however I'm fairly convinced in most circumstances that is well enough filtered to be a non issue. I'm sure in your world voltage clearance is the bigger concern.

I have been turning my attention in layout to fighting instability. I've read the bulk of routine talking points about tight NFB routing, impedance scaling, separating GND planes (divisive in modern day), star grounding etc etc. The question I have is have you found empirically a general rule...

Best bet is ota based most likely. You could compress slow attack on way in but that only cover crunch of transient.

21 different boxes, 1 effect

1 position is on, the rest are no-connects

21 different clipping diodes....

What texts are you referring to for the controls theory? I haven't seen circuits explained using FB factor before. Or at least I don't remember it...

The other thing about BJTs is current capability. They generally have more A on tap than opamps.

BJTs do have the Vbe drop to contend with though and even then have emitter resistance to worry about. Opamps is best.

Yeah uprights have to battle a lot of sub. Hence the broughton high passes everywhere

I just can't imagine an upright needing much treble. Maybe the upright pickup reactance is different though.

NVM again, that BUD stuff is cheap. LOL I need not jump to conclusions