The regulator is definitely hosed. Don't use it. Replace it. I'm not engineer, but I would say if the Belton Brick is still working properly -- if it were mine-- I'd just keep using it for myself, not to give anyone. If you didn't release any magic smoke, at worst it'll be a slow death due to damage to internal junctions, etc.
Anecdotal evidence here: I had a regulator flipped feeding the PT2399 of a mag echo. I had it on for quite a while and was actively audio probing for the issue until I took some measurements at the regulator. I was measuring the V+ pin on the PT2399 which was ~6V. The max voltage for it is around 6.5V, but the BTDR-3 appears to be 5.5V. So revert back to the rule of smoke.
edit: I'm kind of interested what happens if there's no load or a different load on the 78L05 and the pins are reversed. I'll post anything I find.