I’m not familiar with DCA55, but it may very well have the capability—check the documentation.
I’m not sure what you mean. A chip is an integrated device and contains, as you said, massive numbers or transistors and diodes (i.e., discrete devices). When those discrete devices are combined (or integrated) into a single package, you get an integrated circuit.
Oscilloscopes, signal generators, and logic analyzers are absolutely used daily with computer chip and microcontroller development, design, verification, and implementation. The test programs you’re referring to all use set parameters with those instruments to test and measure. It’s a different methodology, but the tools are the same.